This article reviews the extensive applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in civil engineering, focusing on its roles in design optimization, construction management, structural health monitoring (SHM), and smart city and infrastructure management. AI enhances civil engineering by optimizing design schemes, generating innovative solutions, improving construction efficiency and safety, enabling precise fault detection and health assessment of structures, and supporting intelligent urban planning and traffic control. Despite these advances, challenges such as limited data for rare events, integration with legacy infrastructure, data privacy, scalability, regulatory uncertainties, high costs, and industry resistance hinder widespread adoption. Future directions emphasize integrating deep learning with big data, intelligent construction technologies, AI-blockchain fusion for data security, and multidisciplinary collaboration to foster more sustainable, efficient, and innovative civil engineering practices.
